Pine, Scots
The Scots Pine (UK), Scotch Pine (US), is a truly stunning evergreen conifer, that can grow to a height of 35m, and may live for 700 years.
A tall straight pine tree. The scaly bark is istinctive orange-brown, which develops plates and fissures with age. Twigs are green-brown and hairless.
Photo supplied by: Alan Payne
Common Name:
Scots Pine
Scentific Name:
Pinus sylvestris
Tree No:
78
Location:
C11
The needle-like leaves are blue-green and slightly twisted, and grow in pairs on short side shoots.
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Scots pine is monoecious, meaning both male and female flowers grow on the same tree. Male flowers comprise clusters of yellow anthers at the base of shoots. Female flowers are small, red-purple and globular, and grow at the tips of new shoots.
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After pollination by wind, the female flowers turn green and develop into cones. They mature the following season, so there are always cones of different ages on the one tree. Mature cones are grey-brown with a raised, circular bump at the centre of each scale.
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Scots pine is the only truly native pine in the UK. It thrives in heathland and is widely planted for timber, but is also found in abundance in the Caledonian pine forest in the Scottish Highlands.
The Caledonian forest is a priority habitat under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan and is home to many rare species. Mammals include red squirrel, pine marten and Scottish wildcat. Scots pines in southern England are also the main caterpillar foodplant for the pine hawk-moth.
When used for commercial production of timber rotations of 50 to 120 years are normal. Its valuable timber is used for wood pulp and sawn timber.
Scots pine timber is one of the strongest softwoods available and is widely used in the construction industry for joinery. It is used in the manufacture of telegraph poles, pit props, gate posts and fencing. The tree can also be tapped for resin to make turpentine. Other uses have included rope made from the inner bark, tar from the roots and a dye from the cones. Dry cones can be used as kindling for fires.
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Braintree & Bocking Public Gardens,
43 Bocking End,
Braintree,
CM7 9AE.
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We provide, maintain and preserve these unique and beautiful gardens as a community green space.
